NUMBER OF SEXUAL RELATIONS WITHOUT THE USE OF CONDOM, GIVING THEM THE BULK DIE HERE DAILY 4 THE NU

Agency. African countries, the most developed as educated citizens and inhabitants of the land, are often viewed as South Africa. Space-educated citizens living in this country, but HIV and AIDS infection due to daily four hundred people are killed by a study has shown.

Last year alone, more than 5 million people have been infected with HIV in South Africa in order to use condoms during sexual relations ghadhdai as the death toll rose ecaaibhika said punches.

According to BBC, where every week hundreds of young people infected with HIV are 27. 74 percent of whom, according to the girl. According to international media organizations due to HIV each year in South Africa has one lakh 40 thousand deaths

The same day three bomb attacks: 36 dead, 150 injured @ Saudi Arabia

The same day three bomb attacks: 36 dead, 150 injured @ Saudi Arabia

RIYADH, 22 June - three powerful explosion on Monday in Saudi Arabia have been. An attack Medina mosque has been the knockout stage.

The other two attacked the US Embassy in Jeddah and Al-Qatif Shia has. These three patrol least 36 people were killed, 150 were injured.

According to the Home Ministry, the Saudi government has opened a suicide attack in Pakistani citizen. Monday at midnight outside the US Embassy in Saudi Arabia Ministry of Home Affairs Bam among the people themselves, Abdullah Gulzar Khan was a Pakistani citizen are confirmed.

Last Friday in Dhaka Pakistani spy agency ISI hand in the patrol also claimed by Bangladesh government was. The US and Saudi Arabia, according to the CNN hamalaprati strong response to the strong reaction is to act. Near his embassy a few days after the US attacked twice between Saudi Arabia has demanded that the government report.

According to local media, the city of Al-Qatif in Saudi Arabia, Al kadiha atankavadiharule Imam Ali mosque in the Shia bomb an attacker himself was laughed at. The attacks have killed at least 30 people. This place is known as Shiite Muslims gadhaka.


In a few minutes, a second suicide attack in the city of the Prophet Mohammed Mosque in Medina was carried out. Here suicide bomb attackers themselves were squandered. Suraksagardaharu were employed in prayer during an attack.

It was the third attack on Monday near the US Embassy in Jeddah. Two were killed in the attack. Attack became ill near the embassy were going to a nearby mosque. Makkapachi Medina is considered the most sacred religion of Islam. Every year millions of people visit here the number of religious Muslims.

Abhishek Bachchan gets @ngry, in$ult$ Aishwarya during Sarbjit screening





Abhishek Bachchan gets @ngry, in$ult$ Aishwarya during Sarbjit screening





On 18th May, the premiere of Sarbjit was held at PVR in Mumbai and many celebs along with the Bachchan family graced the event. Everything was going well till Abhishek lost his cool over leaving wife Aishwarya Rai Bachchan embarrassed. He walked away and left her wife alone while both were posing for media. Click to know what exactly happened between the two.

63 deaths reported, hundreds missing as heavy rains continue in Sri Lanka

COLOMBO, May 20: (Xinhua) -- The death toll from Sri Lanka's flash floods and landslides rose to 63 on Friday as water levels in many districts continued to rise owing to heavy rains, the Disaster Management Center said.
Sri Lanka's central Kegalle District has so far reported the highest number of deaths with 34 people killed after two massive landslides hit the district on Tuesday and Wednesday.
Rescue teams are continuing with their efforts to search for those missing under the mud and rock and have so far recovered 16 bodies in Aranayake while 144 are still buried under the debris. The landslide which struck on Tuesday evening, buried three villages and has been recorded as the worst in Sri Lanka's history.

The real story behind ITV's The Secret and what has happened in the years since the Castlerock murders

The real-life crime behind ITV's drama The Secret has gripped the nation as the details behind one of Norther Ireland's most notorious double murders has been laid bare.

Based on the so-called Castlerock Suicides, the true story behind these horrifying murders starring James Nesbitt , have enraptured and disturbed viewers.

Set in the Baptist community in Coleraine in Northern Ireland, the drama centres around the deadly affair between dentist Colin Howell and Sunday school teacher Hazel Buchanan , but far from being a work of fiction, it is all based on the true story.

The first episode, also starring Dubliner Genevieve O’Reilly as Stewart, was broadcast 25 years and 11 days after Howell executed the heinous double murder plan.

On the night of 18 to 19 May 1991 – his son’s second birthday – Howell gassed his wife Lesley, 31, and dumped her in the boot of his estate car.

After driving past a police patrol, he arrived at the home of Stewart, then called love rival, police officer Trevor Buchanan.

Howell then gassed and throttled Buchanan, 33, with the help of his blonde lover.

Read more: The real life people behind the chilling story of The Secret

He confessed on January 28, 2009 to a church pastor and implicated Stewart with every detail he could recall.


The story was played out first in court and in the press, then a book followed and has now been portrayed on TV in the drama series.

Here we take a look at what has happened throughout.

Nearly 500 New Yorkers’ offshore accounts exposed by Panama Papers

These are some of the New Yorkers who have parked their cash offshore or set up companies in farflung island nations to shelter their holdings.

Nearly 500 people and companies with New York addresses turned up last week in a searchable “Panama Papers” database reviewed by The New York Post.

Read: 5 things to know about the Panama Papers

They range from moguls to art-world luminaries to an East Village psychiatrist and a young television ­actress.

The International Consortium of ­Investigative Journalists put out the database containing information on nearly 320,000 offshore entities from the so-called Panama Papers and Offshore Leaks investigations.

The data dump is just a fraction of the more than 11 million leaked files from the Panama-based law firm Mossack Fonseca, a leader in creating difficult-to-trace companies. Other data come from two additional companies that specialize in setting up offshore ­entities.

Also read: Dodging taxes is not just about offshore havens

Offshore companies are often created in tax havens, such as the British Virgin Islands and the Caymans, used to hide assets from authorities around the world or to maintain privacy.

Last month, U.S. Attorney Preet Bharara sent a letter to the ICIJ saying he had “opened a criminal investigation” ­regarding Panama Papers issues. Officials in Panama raided Mossack Fonseca’s offices there.

The ICIJ cautions that there are “legitimate uses for offshore companies and trusts” and it is not implying that anyone in the database has broken the law. But the group has said at least 36 Americans accused of fraud and other financial crimes appear in the data.

Nakash Family: The founders of Jordache jeans — brothers Joseph, Ralph and Avi Nakash — and other family members are linked to several offshore companies including a defunct entity named Blue Jeans Ltd. in the British Virgin Islands. The Nakashes are major real-estate investors in New York and own hotels, office buildings and residential properties across the country. Joseph Nakash is an investor in the New York Wheel, a 630-foot-tall Ferris wheel currently being built on Staten Island.

Alexis Dziena: The actress who played Ashley Brooks on “Entourage” is listed as an adviser and beneficiary of the Theresa Funding Trust in the Cook Islands. Her father, Alexander, is a beneficiary of the trust, as is her mother, Madeline, who established it in 2009. A Manhattan bank executive was the trust’s investment adviser. The 31-year-old New York native unsuccessfully sought a restraining order against her parents in 2011, claiming they might resort to “murder or violence” to claim her money.

Denise Rich: Rich, 72, is a Grammy-nominated songwriter and philanthropist who is linked to two offshore companies, DTD Limited in the Cook Islands and The Dry Trust, of unknown location. She is the widow of Marc Rich, the fugitive billionaire trader pardoned by President Bill Clinton on his last day in office in 2001. Records released in 2013 as part of the Offshore Leaks investigation revealed she had stashed more than $140 million in a Cook Islands trust, which included a Learjet and a 157-foot sailboat. In 2012, she dumped her U.S. citizenship and became an Austrian citizen in order to avoid paying taxes.

Merle Hoffman: An activist who runs the Choices Women’s Health Center, a clinic and abortion provider in Queens, was a beneficiary of the defunct Hoffman Family Trust in the Cook Islands. Hoffman, 70, who has lived on Park Avenue and also owns a waterfront home in the Hamptons, has racked up hundreds of thousands in federal and state tax liens over the years. She still owes $860,975 to the IRS and $13,068 to the state, public rec­ords show. A spokeswoman for Hoffman said the trust was created “maybe 20 years or so ago [and] never had any ­activity.”

John King: King, 63, started Chung King Studios, which was dubbed the “Abbey Road of hip-hop.” Run-DMC, Public Enemy, the Beastie Boys and LL Cool J recorded at the Manhattan studios, as did Moby, Phish, Depeche Mode, Beyoncé and Lady Gaga. The studios closed last year. King is the beneficiary of several trusts in the British Virgin Islands and the Cook Islands.

Arline Tarte: A top realtor with Brown Harris Stevens with two current Manhattan listings north of $10 million, Tarte is a shareholder in a company called Challis International Ltd. in the British Virgin Islands. The 74-year-old Upper East Sider told The Post she knew nothing about the offshore company and didn’t recall investing in it. “I think that’s wonderful,” she said. “I’d like to know what I have.”

Barry Gesser: Gesser, an associate of “Wolf of Wall Street” Jordan Belfort, pleaded guilty to fraud in 1999. He was sentenced to three years’ probation. The Post reported that his marriage to actress Stacey Alysson last year ended after just 15 days when she found him in bed with socialite Dori Cooperman. In December, the 52-year-old with a drug-abuse history was found dead in his Los Angeles home. The ex-Manhattanite was tied to two offshore trusts incorporated in the 1990s that are now defunct.

Columbia University: The Ivy League college’s Columbia Investment Management Company LLC, which manages the university’s endowment, is a shareholder in the Haton Polymer & Fibre Corp. located in the Cayman Islands. The university has not commented on the investment.

Eugene Kashper: The Russian immigrant bought the Pabst Brewing Co. for a reported $700 million in 2014. Kashper, 46, got his start in the industry as a salesman for Stroh’s in Eastern Europe. Now a multimillionaire, he plunked down $7 million for a Soho apartment in 2006. He is a shareholder in the ­offshore CMFOS Ltd.

David E. Shaw: Shaw’s D.E. Shaw & Co. describes itself as a “global investment and technology-development firm with more than $37 billion in investment capital.” Fortune magazine once called it “the most intriguing and mysterious force on Wall Street.” Shaw, 65, is also a senior research fellow at the Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics at Columbia University and a past member of the President’s Council of Advisers on Science and Technology. His Shaw Family Trust I was set up in an unknown offshore location in 1994.

Charles Ardai: The former CEO of the Internet service provider Juno is also a writer and founder of Hard Case Crime, which publishes pulp-style paperback crime novels. He is “protector” or adviser to the Shaw Family Trust I created by David E. Shaw. Ardai, 46, is a managing director at Shaw’s company.

Paola Mieli: She is a Manhattan-based psychoanalyst who is a member of the Cercle Freudien in Paris. Mieli, 61, is listed as a beneficiary of the offshore Claudius Trust along with the Harvard Business School. She teaches at the School of Visual Arts in Gramercy. In 2007, she traveled to ­Naples to give a lecture on superstitions surrounding salt.

James R. Mellon II: The 73-year-old banking-family scion and resident of Manhattan and Southampton is associated with several offshore trusts and bragged to a Swiss paper in 2013 that he hopscotched the globe to avoid taxes. “It’s all legal, believe me,” he said. A hunter and author, he is the editor of a 1988 oral history of slavery, “Bullwhip Days: The Slaves Remember,” and a 1980 photo book on Abraham Lincoln. Known as Jay, he is also his family’s unofficial historian and has written a biography of Thomas Mellon, his great-great-grandfather and founder of the storied Pittsburgh bank.

Kojo Annan: The only son of former UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan reportedly used a Samoan company called Sapphire Holding Ltd. to purchase a luxury apartment in London. Kojo, 42, who used to rent an apartment in Tribeca, was also linked to two other offshore enterprises that are now defunct. He was accused in the 1990s of profiting from his connection to his father. Although the younger Annan was never prosecuted, he was accused of helping his employer, Cotecna, land a lucrative contract through the UN’s Oil for Food program.

Dominique Levy: Levy owns the Dominique Levy Gallery on Madison Avenue, which sells works by artists such as Gerhard Richter, Frank Stella, Cindy Sherman and Jackson Pollock. The 48-year-old Levy is a shareholder of Aldabra International Ltd., which was incorporated in the British Virgin Islands in 2012. She lives on the Upper East Side and in Bridgehampton, LI, and also owns a gallery in London. “It’s a personal holding company put in place for estate planning and is fully disclosed in the United States,” a gallery spokeswoman said.

New York University School of Medicine: The medical college is tied to two entities in the British Virgin Islands, Scraggy Neck Investments and Huntington Investments Holdings. A college spokesperson told The Post that the accounts were linked to the medical school’s former chairman of neurosurgery, Dr. Patrick Kelly, who used his personal funds and is no longer employed by the university. No NYU funds were part of the transactions, the spokesperson said.

Charlene Marant: Charlene Marant, 62, was a personal investment adviser who was convicted of using elderly clients’ cash to pay the rent on her Wall Street office and fund a luxurious lifestyle. She was released from federal prison in 2010. Marant, who lived in lower Manhattan, was a shareholder of Highland Consultants, which was incorporated in 2005 in the British Virgin Islands and is now defunct.

Gianluigi Longinotti-Buitoni: Longinotti-Buitoni, 62, made his mark selling luxury cars during a recession. The former president and CEO of Ferrari North America is a motivational speaker and the author of “Selling Dreams: How to Make Any Product Irresistible.” Buitoni, who lives in tony Larchmont, was also a shareholder in the now defunct Goal Multimedia Ltd., incorporated in the British Virgin Islands. He had a state tax lien of $5,379, of which he now owes $32.70.

Louise Blouin: Art collector and art-magazine publisher ­Blouin is already feeling the heat from the Panama Papers fallout. The Post reported that she was poised to sell her La Dune oceanfront estate in Southampton for $145 million but decided to rent it out instead after news of her offshore investments came to light. She is a shareholder of Kirkswood Ltd., located in the British Virgin Islands. She told the Toronto Star that the investment wasn’t a tax dodge but done to fuel her “hobby” — real-estate transactions.

Narendra Modi's Certificate Duplicate Issue Raised In Media

Narendra Modi's Certificate Duplicate Issue Raised In Media

India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi is on media with a big question mark rising on his educational qualification. Political party which is at opposition has organized a press event at New Delhi to raise the question mark on the marksheet issue of Narendra Modi. They have mentioned that there are many mistakes on the marksheet of Narendra Modi which is the proof that the marksheet is duplicate. The marksheet of Narendra Modi is of BA degree which is from Delhi University and the question arises on the logo of the marksheet which has been used with latest font. Is it true that Narendra Modi’s marksheet is fake and duplicate? Will Narendra Modi answer and justify this issue? Although Delhi University states that marksheet is original. Watch a video report on this issue:

Tom Cruise

Tom Cruise was born on July 3, 1962, in Syracuse, New York. After developing an interest in acting during high school, he rocketed to fame with his star turns in Risky Business and Top Gun. Cruise later earned acclaim for his work in the hit film Jerry Maguire and the Mission: Impossible franchise. He also was targeted by the tabloids for his marriages to actresses Nicole Kidman and Katie Holmes.


Early Life

Thomas Cruise Mapother IV, better known as Tom Cruise, was born on July 3, 1962, in Syracuse, New York, to Mary and Thomas Mapother. Cruise's mother was an amateur actress and schoolteacher, and his father was an electrical engineer. His family moved around a great deal when Cruise was a child in order to accommodate his father's career.

Cruise's parents divorced when he was 11, and the children moved with their mother to Louisville, Kentucky, and then to Glen Ridge, New Jersey, after her remarriage. Like his mother and three sisters, Cruise suffered from dyslexia, which made academic success difficult for him. He excelled in athletics, however, and considered pursuing a career in professional wrestling until a knee injury sidelined him during high school.

At age 14, Cruise enrolled in a Franciscan seminary with thoughts of becoming a priest, but he left after a year. When he was 16, a teacher encouraged him to participate in the school's production of the musical Guys and Dolls. After Cruise won the lead of Nathan Detroit, he found himself surprisingly at home on the stage, and a career was born.

Breaking into Acting

Cruise set a 10-year deadline for himself in which to build an acting career. He left school and moved to New York, struggling through audition after audition before landing an appearance in 1981's Endless Love, starring Brooke Shields. Around this same time, he snagged a small role in the military school drama Taps (1981), co-starring Sean Penn.

His role in Taps was upgraded after director Harold Becker saw Cruise's potential, and his performance caught the attention of a number of critics and filmmakers. In 1983, Cruise appeared in Francis Ford Coppola's The Outsiders, which also starred Emilio Estevez, Matt Dillon and Rob Lowe—all prominent members of a group of young actors the entertainment press dubbed the "Brat Pack." The film was not well received, but it allowed Cruise to work with an acclaimed director in a high-profile project.
A-list Star

His next film, Risky Business (1983), grossed $65 million. It also made Cruise a highly recognizable actor—thanks in no small part to a memorable scene of the young star dancing in his underwear.

In 1986, after a two-year hiatus, the budding actor released the big-budget fantasy film Legend, which did poorly at the box office. That same year, however, Cruise's A-list status was confirmed with the release of Top Gun, which co-starred Kelly McGillis, Anthony Edwards and Meg Ryan. The testoterone-fueled action-romance, set against the backdrop of an elite naval flight school, became the highest grossing film of 1986.

Cruise followed the tremendous success of Top Gun with a string of both critically acclaimed and commercially successful films. He first starred in The Color of Money (1986), with co-star Paul Newman, and then went on to work with Dustin Hoffman on Rain Man (1988). Cruise's next role, as Vietnam veteran Ron Kovic in the biopic Born on the Fourth of July (1989), earned him an Academy Award nomination and a Golden Globe for Best Actor.
Scientology and Romance

Cruise married actress Mimi Rogers in 1987. It was through Rogers that the actor became a student of Scientology, the religion founded by writer L. Ron Hubbard. Cruise credited the church with curing his dyslexia, and he soon became one of its leading proponents. However, while his spiritual life flourished, his marriage to Rogers ended in 1990.

That same year, Cruise made the racecar drama Days of Thunder with Australian actress Nicole Kidman. Though the movie was unpopular among critics and fans alike, the two lead actors had real chemistry. On Christmas Eve 1990, after a brief courtship, Cruise and Kidman married in Telluride, Colorado.
Hollywood's Leading Man

In 1992, Cruise proved once more that he could hold his own opposite a screen legend when he co-starred with Jack Nicholson in the military courtroom drama A Few Good Men. The film grossed more than $15 million its first weekend, and earned Cruise a Golden Globe nomination. He continued to demonstrate his chops as a leading man with The Firm (1993) and Interview with a Vampire (1994), which co-starred Brad Pitt.

Next, Cruise hit the big screen with two huge hits—the $64 million blockbuster Mission: Impossible (1996), which the star also produced, and the highly acclaimed Jerry McGuire (1996), directed by Cameron Crowe. For the latter, Cruise earned a second Academy Award nomination and Golden Globe for Best Actor.

Cruise and Kidman spent much of 1997 and 1998 in England shooting Eyes Wide Shut, an erotic thriller that would be director Stanley Kubrick's final film. The movie came out in the summer of 1999 to mixed reviews, but that year Cruise enjoyed greater success with the release of Magnolia. His performance as a self-confident sex guru in the ensemble film earned him another Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor.

Cruise then starred in the long-awaited smash hit Mission: Impossible 2 in 2000, alongside Anthony Hopkins, Thandie Newton and Ving Rhames. In 2002, he starred in Vanilla Sky, his second collaboration with Crowe, as well as Stephen Spielberg's Minority Report. The following year, Cruise traveled to Australia to shoot the $100 million war epic The Last Samurai, which earned him another Golden Globe nomination.

Tabloid Headliner

For much of the 1990s, Cruise and Kidman found themselves fiercely defending the happiness and legitimacy of their marriage. They filed two different lawsuits against tabloid publications for stories they considered libelous. In each case the couple received a published retraction and apology, along with a large monetary settlement which they donated to charity.

On February 5, 2001, Cruise and Kidman announced their separation after 11 years of marriage. The couple cited the difficulties involved with two acting careers, and the amount of time spent apart while working. Following the divorce, Cruise briefly dated his Vanilla Sky co-star Penelope Cruz, followed by a much-publicized relationship with actress Katie Holmes. A month after his ties to Holmes became public, Cruise professed his love for the actress in a now-famous appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show, during which he jumped on Winfrey's sofa, shouting "Yes!"

In June 2005, after a two-month courtship, Cruise proposed to Holmes in a restaurant at the top of the Eiffel tower. In October, they announced that they were expecting their first child together.

The hasty proposal and surprise pregnancy quickly became tabloid gossip. But Cruise made even bigger headlines that year as an outspoken advocate for Scientology. He openly criticized former co-star Brooke Shields for using anti-depressants during her recovery from postpartum depression. He also denounced psychiatry and modern medicine, claiming Scientology held the key to true healing. Cruise's statements led to a heated argument with news anchor Matt Lauer on The Today Show in June 2005, for which Cruise later apologized.

In 2006, Cruise and Holmes welcomed daughter Suri into the world. That year, they were married in an Italian castle, with celebrities Will Smith, Jada Pinkett Smith, Jennifer Lopez and Victoria and David Beckham among those in attendance. However, the storybook romance wouldn't last, and in June 2012 the couple announced their separation.
Staying Power

Despite his personal drama, Cruise proved he remained a top draw by starring in the Steven Spielberg-directed remake of the science-fiction classic War of the Worlds (2005), which grossed more than $230 million at the box office.

His next effort, Mission: Impossible 3 (2006), also scored well with audiences. However, Cruise was faced with a professional setback in August when Paramount Pictures ended its 14-year relationship with the actor. The company's chairman cited Cruise's erratic behavior and controversial views as the reason for the split, though industry experts noted that Paramount more likely ended the partnership over Cruise's high earnings from theMission: Impossible franchise.

Cruise quickly rebounded and on November 2, 2006, he announced his new partnership with film executive Paula Wagner and the United Artists film studio. Their first production as a team, the political drama Lions for Lambs(2007), proved a commercial disappointment despite a strong cast that included Meryl Streep and Robert Redford.

Taking a break from weighty material, Cruise delighted audiences with his performance in the comedy Tropic Thunder (2008). Despite his relatively small role in a movie that featured Robert Downey Jr. and Ben Stiller, Cruise stood out by obscuring his trademark good looks to play a balding, obese movie studio executive.

In December 2008, Cruise released his second project through United Artists. The film, entitled Valkyrie, was a World War II drama about a plot to assassinate German leader Adolf Hitler. Cruise starred as a German army officer who became involved in the conspiracy.

Cruise returned to one of his most popular franchises in 2011 with Mission: Impossible—Ghost Protocol. Breaking into new territory, he then starred in the 2012 musical Rock of Ages. Although Cruise received some positive reviews for his performance as a rock star, the movie failed to attract much of an audience.

Returning to his mainstream action roots, Cruise starred in the 2012 crime drama Jack Reacher, based on a book by Lee Child. He then headlined a pair of science-fiction adventures, Oblivion (2013) and Edge of Tomorrow(2014). Showing no signs of slowing down, the veteran actor in 2015 delivered his usual high-energy performance for the fifth installment of his blockbuster franchise, Mission: Impossible—Rogue Nation.

Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha

Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha

Siddhartha Gautama, the Lord Buddha, was born in 623 B.C. in the famous gardens of Lumbini, which soon became a place of pilgrimage. Among the pilgrims was the Indian emperor Ashoka, who erected one of his commemorative pillars there. The site is now being developed as a Buddhist pilgrimage centre, where the archaeological remains associated with the birth of the Lord Buddha form a central feature.

Outstanding Universal ValueBrief synthesis

Brief synthesis

The Lord Buddha was born in 623 BC in the sacred area of Lumbini located in the Terai plains of southern Nepal, testified by the inscription on the pillar erected by the Mauryan Emperor Asoka in 249 BC. Lumbini is one of the holiest places of one of the world's great religions, and its remains contain important evidence about the nature of Buddhist pilgrimage centres from as early as the 3rd century BC.

The complex of structures within the archaeological conservation area includes the Shakya Tank; the remains within the Maya Devi Temple consisting of brick structures in a cross-wall system dating from the 3rd century BC to the present century and the sandstone Ashoka pillar with its Pali inscription in Brahmi script. Additionally there are the excavated remains of Buddhist viharas (monasteries) of the 3rd century BC to the 5th century AD and the remains of Buddhist stupas (memorial shrines) from the 3rd century BC to the 15th century AD. The site is now being developed as a Buddhist pilgrimage centre, where the archaeological remains associated with the birth of the Lord Buddha form a central feature.

Criterion (iii): As the birthplace of the Lord Buddha, testified by the inscription on the Asoka pillar, the sacred area in Lumbini is one of the most holy and significant places for one of the world’s great religions.

Criterion (vi): The archaeological remains of the Buddhist viharas (monasteries) and stupas (memorial shrines) from the 3rd century BC to the 15th century AD, provide important evidence about the nature of Buddhist pilgrimage centres from a very early period.Integrity

The integrity of Lumbini has been achieved by means of preserving the archaeological remains within the property boundary that give the property its Outstanding Universal Value. The significant attributes and elements of the property have been preserved. The buffer zone gives the property a further layer of protection. Further excavations of potential archaeological sites and appropriate protection of the archaeological remains are a high priority for the integrity of the property. The property boundary however does not include the entire archaeological site and various parts are found in the buffer zone. The entire property including the buffer zone is owned by the Government of Nepal and is being managed by the Lumbini Development Trust and therefore there is little threat of development or neglect. However the effects of industrial development in the region have been identified as a threat to the integrity of the property.Authenticity

The authenticity of the archaeological remains within the boundaries has been confirmed through a series of excavations since the discovery of the Asoka pillar in 1896. The remains of viharas, stupas and numerous layers of brick structures from the 3rd century BC to the present century at the site of the Maya Devi Temple are proof of Lumbini having been a centre of pilgrimage from early times. The archaeological remains require active conservation and monitoring to ensure that the impact of natural degradation, influence of humidity and the impact of the visitors are kept under control. The property continues to express its Outstanding Universal Value through its archaeological remains. The delicate balance must be maintained between conserving the archaeological vestiges of the property while providing for the pilgrims.Protection and management requirements

The property site is protected by the Ancient Monument Preservation Act 1956. The site management is carried out by the Lumbini Development Trust, an autonomous and non-profit making organization. The entire property is owned by the Government of Nepal. The property falls within the centre of the Master Plan area, the planning of which was initiated together with the United Nations and carried out by Prof. Kenzo Tange between 1972 and 1978.

The long-term challenges for the protection and management of the property are to control the impact of visitors, and natural impacts including humidity and the industrial development in the region. A Management Plan is in the process of being developed to ensure the long-term safeguarding of the archaeological vestiges of the property while allowing for the property to continue being visited by pilgrims and tourists from around the world.